RESUMO
In this biography, the life of William Hugh Isbister is traced through three continents, where he planted the seeds of academic surgery into a generation of leaders in colorectal surgery. This ultimately improved the care for thousands of patients. His last station in Saudi Arabia made a huge impact on the country. I hope this article inspires others to write about their mentors who were important in their development as surgeons and physicians. Short biographies of these important figures will serve as a valuable historical record for generations to come.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal , Médicos , Humanos , História do Século XX , Arábia Saudita , Cirurgia Colorretal/educação , Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Liderança , Assistência ao Paciente/história , Assistência ao Paciente/normas , Mentores/históriaRESUMO
Joseph M. Mathews' study at St. Mark's Hospital (London) in the 1877 to 1878 winter was followed shortly by a landmark move toward specialization in the United States: Mathews' heading of a Special Commission on Rectal Diseases appointed at the 23rd Annual Session of the Kentucky State Medical Society, held April 2 to 4, 1878. Various "rectal specialists," under various makeshift titles, were lecturing and publishing by the mid-1890s. The world's first proctologic journal, published between 1894 and 1898, was Mathews' Medical Quarterly, from its inception interpellating a community of colleagues.
Assuntos
Colonoscopia/história , Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Doenças Retais/história , Sigmoidoscopia/história , Cirurgia Colorretal/organização & administração , Cirurgia Colorretal/estatística & dados numéricos , Endoscopia do Sistema Digestório/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Masculino , Editoração/história , Editoração/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Colostomia/história , Cirurgia Colorretal/métodos , Cirurgia Colorretal/tendências , Colostomia/métodos , Colostomia/tendências , Europa (Continente) , França , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Laparoscopia/história , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparoscopia/tendências , Padrões de Prática Médica/história , Padrões de Prática Médica/tendências , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/tendências , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The early history of the American medical specialty of proctology before the 1899 establishment of the American Proctologic Society was animated by an extensive scene of itinerant pile doctors, from at least as far back as 1871. It was inspired by the initially proprietary carbolic acid injection treatment of hemorrhoids credited to Milton W. Mitchell (1833?-1887), long known only from oral history. Expanded entrepreneurial approaches seen in the 1880s are exemplified by the work of the initial exploiters of Mitchell's method, Alexander William Brinkerhoff (1821-1887) and son, and a mid-1920s recommercialization of "ambulant proctology" by its ambassador Charles Elton Blanchard.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Hemorroidas/tratamento farmacológico , Fenol/uso terapêutico , Médicos/história , Soluções Esclerosantes/uso terapêutico , Cirurgia Colorretal/métodos , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Masculino , Fenol/administração & dosagem , Fenol/história , Soluções Esclerosantes/administração & dosagem , Soluções Esclerosantes/história , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Humanos , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Equipamentos Cirúrgicos/história , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/tendências , Cirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/história , Microcirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/história , Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural/métodos , Cirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/instrumentação , Cirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/métodos , Microcirurgia Endoscópica Transanal/métodosRESUMO
Frederick Salmon was born in Bath. From his early career, he was fond of surgery, mostly interested in proctology. He had been specialized in London at St Bartholomew's Hospital. He was the founder of "The Infirmary for the Relief of the Poor Afflicted with Fistula and Other Disease of the Rectum," and the writer of one of the most important surgical treatises, the " Practical Observations on Prolapsus of the Rectum." In this book, Salmon described an innovative operation for procidentia, based on the principle "trans-fixing pins and excision." Although his work was too significant for the era, he was almost completely neglected by historians, most probably due to his clash with his fellow surgeons, who had been considered by him as scientifically inadequate in anorectal diseases.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Colorretal/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório , Prolapso Retal , Cirurgiões/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Inglaterra , História do Século XIX , Hospitais/história , Humanos , Masculino , Prolapso Retal/história , Prolapso Retal/cirurgiaRESUMO
William Arbuthnot Lane contributed to the advancement of many fields of orthopedics, otolaryngology, and general surgery. He is credited for his "no-touch technique" and the invention of long-handled instruments, some of which are still in use today, to minimize tissue handling. He is most well known for his hypothesis that slowing of gastric contents could cause a variety of ailments and this became known as Lane's disease. Although his surgical treatment of Lane's disease is now defunct, it advanced the surgical technique in colorectal surgery. It seems likely that some of Lane's "autointoxication" patients would be classified today as patients with colonic inertia, diverticulitis, colonic volvulus, and megacolon or, which are all treated with colectomy. Lane was a pioneer in multiple fields and a true general surgeon. He advanced colorectal surgery immensely and propelled the field of surgery into a new era.